The distance from the fence to the buildings must comply with SNiP (SP) and SanPiN standards. Although they do not have the force of law, but are advisory in nature, they must still be implemented. It is equally important to maintain a minimum distance from buildings to the neighbor’s fence. In any controversial situations, this fact will be on the side of the owner of a dacha or private land plot.
Private house in the village
All laws, regulations and acts
Construction activities on garden, dacha, and own land plots are not carried out spontaneously. It must comply with the requirements of laws, regulations and legal acts.
House with garage
To one degree or another (sometimes indirectly, for example, compliance with the second standard is impossible without compliance with the first), the distance from the fence to the building is regulated by:
- Land Code of the Russian Federation.
- Federal Law No. 217-FZ. Streamlines the conduct of gardening activities by Russians for their own needs on plots provided by the state.
- Town Planning Code of Russia.
- Federal Law No. 123-FZ. It specifies fire safety regulations (fire safety rules) regarding the distance between the fence and buildings made of materials of different flammability classes.
- SanPiN 42-128-4690-88. Sanitary rules and norms regulating the conditions of maintenance of populated areas.
Barn
Also taken into account:
- SP 11-106-97 (current edition of SNiP with amendments). This is a set of rules. It streamlines the structure, content, writing, coordination and approval of project documentation for the development of SNT (garden non-profit partnerships), DNP and DNT (dacha non-profit partnerships and partnerships) of Russians.
- SP 30-102-99. A set of rules governing the planning and development of urban and rural settlements. Including distances from buildings to fences on individual housing construction sites (individual housing construction).
- SP 53.13330.2019 (current edition of SNiP 30-02-97). A set of rules that regulates the planning and development of garden and dacha communities for Russian citizens. It is in this document that the dimensions of residential, commercial, engineering, and enclosing structures are determined according to the new standards. The distance from the building to the fence is also regulated.
In gardening and dacha associations (SNT), in addition to the above documents, construction issues are regulated by municipal urban or rural PZZ (land use and development rules), as well as the charters of these organizations.
Bathhouse at the dacha in the countryside
Standards regulating the distance between the fence and the building were introduced by the state to protect land owners from emergency situations and legal violations by neighboring land users.
That is, they provide sanitary, fire and legal safety.
Why you need to follow the rules
Maintaining the minimum permissible distance from the fence to buildings is required primarily for fire safety reasons. Imagine the situation: a building is built close to a fence, behind which a neighbor’s house is also close. In the event of a fire, the fire can easily spread from one house to another: this way, along the chain, an entire village can completely burn out.
The second reason to take a responsible approach to complying with the distance standards from the house to the fence is the risk of litigation with neighbors. For example, they may not like the shadow of your building falling on their property, or an agricultural building blocking their view. There are many reasons to bring a claim to court based on non-compliance with regulated construction standards.
Sets of rules have been created to regulate the construction of buildings and help avoid litigation. There are several of them, this is construction:
- within the city SP 30-102-99;
- dacha plots SNiP 30-02-97, current version SP 53.13330.2011;
- Federal Law 123-FZ on fire safety retreats.
You need to know that construction is prohibited on ONT sites, except for greenhouses and small outbuildings. The total area of buildings should not exceed 30% of the area of the garden plot (SNT).
Settlement of buildings and structures from the fence of their site
The set of rules 53.13330.2019 specifies the distance from all buildings to the fence located on a summer cottage, as well as a garden area in SNT. Similar standards for ownership as individual housing construction are specified in SP 30-102-99.
Fence between summer cottages
Outbuildings, outbuildings, engineering structures
The regulations regarding the setback of outbuildings in relation to the fence are scattered throughout all documents. Therefore, for clarity, information for garden plots in SNT and individual housing construction buildings is summarized in the table below.
At what distance from the fence can you build a house?
At what distance from the fence can you build on your own site? How to correctly position a house and other non-residential buildings in relation to the fence and to the cardinal points? Before starting construction on your site, you must obtain a Construction Permit from the relevant organizations. It is important, again, to take into account sanitary and fire safety standards. In the document permitting construction, all indentations are already specified according to the standards.
Before you start building a house, obtain a building permit
Remember, if you nevertheless build your house with some violations, without the above document, then problems will arise with its registration. Most likely, you will have to go to court.
Urban plan
Suppose you already have a detailed plan for the placement of a residential building and outbuildings. In this plan, according to SNiP, all distances from the fence and from neighboring buildings must be verified.
An urban planning plan for your site with all indentations in accordance with the standards can be ordered from the relevant organizations completely free of charge
An urban planning plan for your site with all indentations in accordance with the standards can be ordered from the relevant organizations completely free of charge.
House by the road
The boundary of a site with public land (street or road, alley or driveway) is called red line .
Minimum distances from the red line. If the site borders public land.
According to the law, sanitary distances from the street (from the red line) are 5 m, and from neighbors - 3 m. If the house is corner, then the red lines run along both sides of the site. Therefore, according to the norms, we retreat from these boundaries with the street by 5 meters.
The distance from the building to the border of the neighbors’ property according to the standards
According to the standards applied to the residential sector, the distance from the boundary line with neighboring properties or the fence to a residential building must be at least 3 m.
Location of buildings on the individual housing construction site according to standards
Building a house closer to the property line between neighbors in a private house or SNT is a bad idea. And not so much because of possible sanctions, but for reasons of economy, ergonomics, safety and common sense. This arrangement will allow you to easily maintain a new and repair an old house.
A closer distance between neighboring residential buildings is contrary to fire safety regulations.
Based on the level of flammability of the building materials of the building being constructed or already standing, the minimum interval with the adjacent property is determined. So:
- a wooden frame residential building must be no less than 15 m away from the neighboring one;
- a structure with stone, block, brick walls and a non-combustible roof can be built at a minimum distance of 6 m.
Garage next to the fence at the dacha
At the same time, you need to comply with the norm: the interval between the dwelling and the fence is at least 3 m. The same distance from the building is maintained if a garage or utility structure is combined with it.
Fence and tree: permissible distance according to SNI
When an owner improves the territory of his farmstead, he often does not think about the fact that his plantings will disturb his neighbor. But trees planted close to the boundaries of plots take root, grow and spread a lush crown, causing harm to the nearby plot. Representatives of the flora are capable of creating various inconveniences:
- digging of roots under the fence with subsequent damage to someone else's land.
- A shadow cast on a neighbor's flower bed or vegetable garden.
- Large fruits falling from overgrown tree branches onto tender plants that a neighbor cares for and cherishes, etc.
In addition, you can create inconvenience for yourself if the distance from the tree to the fence is too short. These are difficulties in harvesting ripe crops and depletion of the soil in nutrients “sucked out” by the root system of a large tree.
If at some point a neighbor approves of the “seizure” of his territory, it is still better not to take risks. A person can change his mind, move, place new tenants in the house, but an illegally planted plant that has gone into growth and root will remain and begin to create the preconditions for scandals. Therefore, the owner simply needs to learn the standards, arm himself with a tape measure and measure the required distance, especially since there are few legislative points on this matter:
- shrubs are planted at a distance of 1 m from the fence;
- with a medium-sized tree, the fence should be separated by 2 m;
- A space of 4 m is allowed between the fence and a tall tree.
Distance of buildings from a neighbor’s fence according to new standards 2020-2021
In 1998, Construction Norms and Rules No. 30-02-97 were adopted in the Russian Federation. The document defined garden and dacha development:
- what kind of houses to build on the area;
- at what interval from the fence, road, street, water canal;
- how far from the boundaries of the land plot;
- how many meters should be between courtyard buildings;
- proper height of fences;
- location of various outbuildings, engineering structures, etc.
Standards for buildings on a summer cottage
It was updated several times; until recently, the current edition was SP 53.13330.2011. It was developed in 2011.
Subtleties
Starting from April 15, 2020, an updated version of the standard is in force in Russia: SP 53.13330.2019. Some parameters have been changed. This entailed a revision of previously permissible intervals between structures and buildings, or the introduction of new standards.
Thus, restrictions were created regarding the placement of a septic tank, outdoor latrine, and compost containers relative to the neighbor’s fence. They were not present in the old edition. The set of rules only prescribed the distance between the restroom on the garden plot and the adjacent fence. It had to be at least 1 m.
In the current joint venture with amendments for 2021, a new standard has been introduced for summer cottages and garden plots: from the neighboring fence to the restroom, septic tank, compost container, you can retreat 2 m, no less.
Placement of outbuildings on a garden plot and in a private house according to standards
Other norms and changes:
- the distance of tall trees has become 1 m closer to the neighbor's fence: previously it was 4 m, now 3;
- from the boundary line between the plots to the residential building you need to maintain 3 m;
- outbuildings for animals can be built at a distance of 4 m from the neighbor’s fence;
- a shed for storing equipment can be built at a distance of 1 meter from the neighbor’s fence or the border of the property;
- fruit and ornamental shrubs can be placed according to the planting pattern 1 m from the fence;
- from the garage to the fence according to SanPiN and SNiP standards there should be 1 meter.
Requirements SanPiN, SNiP, PB
The distance from the fence to buildings is regulated by SNiP standards, as well as sanitary and fire standards.
- SNiP determines what distance should be between the fence and buildings - a cottage, a utility block, a sauna, a garage.
- Sanitary rules determine the standards for the location of household structures relative to the boundaries of the site. We are talking about wells, wells, cesspools.
- Fire safety rules (FS) establish the location of buildings relative to other structures, depending on the materials from which they are built.
When designing a house, it is very important to position it correctly relative to the fence. A residential building must be built no closer than 3 m from the fence with gates and wickets, which are located on the front side of the site. This rule applies to areas whose gates open onto an alley.
If the exit from the yard leads to the street, then this distance increases to 5 m. It should be taken into account that measurements are taken not from the facade, but from the protruding element itself - a canopy, porch, veranda, staircase. Reducing this distance may cause problems when preparing documents in the BTI since it does not comply with fire safety standards.
If you follow the PB standards, then concrete and brick houses can be built at a distance of 8 m from the fence, frame cottages with non-combustible insulation no closer than 10 m, and for completely wooden houses this figure will be 12 m. However, on small plots these requirements cannot be met seems possible, therefore these standards are advisory in nature.
SNiP clearly states how much indentation should be made from the fence when building a house, constructing a garage or outbuilding. At the same time, you need to understand that the owner who started developing the yard area earlier has an advantage in the layout of the site. His neighbor will have to focus on the location of buildings on the adjacent plot.
- House. The minimum distance from the house to the neighbors' fence is three meters by law. It is necessary to take into account that measurements are taken not from the wall or foundation of the house, but from the most protruding element of the building. As a rule, the most protruding elements of residential buildings are the roof overhangs. Violation of established standards may become a reason for complaints to supervisory authorities, or initiation of legal proceedings based on a statement of claim written by disgruntled neighbors.
- Outbuildings. According to the rules, the construction of outbuildings intended for keeping chickens, geese or goats is carried out at a distance of four meters from the neighboring fence. This distance must be maintained when building a chicken coop and arranging a utility yard both in gardens and in populated areas. It is strictly prohibited to attach such structures closely to the fence. It is also forbidden to install pitched roofs, the slopes of which are directed towards the neighboring area.
- Baths and saunas. The minimum distance of a bathhouse from a neighbor’s fence on a summer cottage according to SNiP is one meter, provided that the wastewater goes into a specially equipped sewer drain. Otherwise, you will need to retreat three meters from the boundary. When constructing structures that increase the risk of fire in the fence, this distance increases to three meters. We are talking about smokehouses, barbecues, and barbecues.
- Green spaces. According to the rules for planting green spaces, tall trees can be planted at a distance of three meters from the fence; for medium-sized trees, this distance is reduced to two meters. Berry bushes and ornamental plants are planted one meter away from the fence. For flower beds and flower beds, planting standards are not specified, so they can be planted close to the hedge.
- Garage, greenhouse, shed, toilet. When constructing domestic and outbuildings, you need to retreat one meter from the boundary, but it is also necessary to take into account the requirements of SanPiN. For example, the construction of a toilet with a cesspool or septic tank is carried out no closer than 8 m from a residential building or artesian well. This rule applies to buildings that are located both on your own property and on your neighbors’ property.
Compliance with the rules of individual housing construction when developing a site will help to avoid troubles in the future and will help maintain good relations with neighbors.
Building standards in relation to the fence of the neighboring plot
For convenience, the standards for buildings on a summer cottage (garden plot) in relation to the fence of adjacent properties are summarized in a separate table.
| Building, structure, object | Distance to neighbor's fence, meters |
| Residential building | Not less than 3 |
| Detached garage, sauna, bathhouse, gazebo | 1 |
| Chicken coop, sheepfold, other buildings for birds and livestock | 4 |
| Greenhouse | 1 |
| Artificial reservoir such as a pond, swimming pool | 3 |
| Hives | 10 |
| Trees over 3 m high | 3 |
| Trees less than 3 m | 2 |
| Shrub less than 2 m high | 1 |
