How to join the labor exchange: conditions and procedure for obtaining unemployed status

It’s a pretty bad situation when you’re left without a job. But those looking for a new job can speed up the process by heading to a job center. To do this, you will need to know several important points: what official papers need to be prepared, what benefits are due to the unemployed.

How to register at the labor exchange and receive unemployment benefits?

The most common reasons for contacting the employment service include:

staff reduction at the enterprise;
end of employment leave (in case of dismissal from work for any unforeseen reasons);
employment after receiving secondary or higher education.

Required documents

First, a person looking for work needs to find out where the employment center is located nearby, and then contact its employees with a request to register him at the labor exchange.

How to join the labor exchange for an unemployed person

A citizen needs to find out the address of the employment center in the locality where he permanently resides - he should visit it to register. An important condition is that the citizen is recognized as unemployed.

The concept of the unemployed is contained in Article 3 of the Federal Law “On Employment of the Population in the Russian Federation”. This is a citizen who is registered with the employment center and is currently not engaged in labor activity and does not receive payments for it.

Such people are actively looking for a job and are ready for quick employment. After a citizen registers, he is provided with state protection, which provides guaranteed benefits until he is employed.

Conditions for registering with the employment center

After registration at the labor exchange, the applicant is presented with some responsibilities that should be familiarized with as quickly as possible. An unemployed person needs:

Visit the employment service 2 times a month (at a predetermined date and time). If this is neglected, the amount of cash payments will be less than expected or they may stop altogether;
For vacancies found (which will be offered almost every day), you need to respond promptly (i.e., come for interviews).

If within 12 months the applicant does not choose a job, then any available vacancy, even one that does not require special skills, will be included in the list of those offered.

Unemployment benefit cannot be paid for more than 12 months within a period of 18 months

It is also worth considering that not all residents of Russia can be officially considered unemployed and receive government payments.

Labor exchange: pros and cons

The ensuing crisis has deprived thousands of Russians of their jobs; many have already despaired of finding work in their specialty and are wondering what to do next.
The strange thing is that only half of the “newly unemployed” turned to the Employment Centers or, simply put, the Labor Exchange. They did not do this for one simple reason - due to ignorance of the obvious advantages of being “registered” there. In 2009, the Russian government allocated about 100 billion rubles to combat unemployment, in particular, to pay benefits and professional benefits. reorientation. Unemployment benefits range from 850-4900 rubles per month, depending on your length of service, and even if you have never worked and do not have a work book, you will still receive money. In addition, the Moscow Government (I don’t know how it is in other regions) once every two months pays the minimum amount of benefits plus 850 rubles for travel. Those. if you received 850 rubles, then now we can safely multiply them by three - 2550. Many will say - pennies, but, as they say, for lack of fish and cancer, fish, or from the world a string.

The biggest plus of registering with the employment service (Labor Exchange) is, of course, professional courses. reorientation, the list of which includes about 70 areas. Is it bad to learn how to work with Microsoft Office, Adobe Photoshop, 3D Max, Autocad and Archicad for free, improve your foreign language, learn how to cut a haircut or make cocktails? After completing the courses, no one will oblige you to work in your chosen field of study. If you find a job during your studies, you will not be kicked out of the courses. You are guaranteed and free of charge to receive what the “employed” pay a lot of money for.

In order to receive all of the above, you need to collect the following package of documents: passport, work book, educational documents (diploma, certificate, etc.), military ID (if any, time of military service is added to the length of service) , pension insurance card, certificate of average earnings from your last place of work (do not forget to submit it for verification at the Labor Exchange). We take all this and go to the branch of the Employment Center (Labor Exchange) at the place of registration. If you are not registered in Moscow, then you must submit registration documents.

We arrive, show our passport (usually to the security guard), and receive an application form and questionnaire. After filling it out, we go to registration, they take your application and check that you have all the necessary documents. You will be asked to open a savings book at the nearest branch of Sberbank of Russia, it costs 10 rubles, and benefits will be calculated on it. Then, usually in another office, you are registered as unemployed and the amount of benefits is calculated depending on your length of service. The entire registration procedure took me less than an hour.

Here you are, a full-fledged unemployed person with all the rights......and responsibilities!

Now a little about the disadvantages, unfortunately, there are some too.

1. You will be given dates when you need to come and check in (confirm that you are still unemployed and are not receiving benefits just like that). If you don’t show up, you’ll be deregistered. Usually you need to come 2 times a month. 2. You will be given job listings that match your profile. It is necessary to call all companies and find out if there are jobs. I’ll say right away that this is all nonsense. In 2 months on the exchange, I was never given a single current vacancy; all of them were closed long ago. And you don’t have to call according to the list, no one checks.

Perhaps these were all the disadvantages.

Summarizing the above, I would like to once again draw your attention to the fact that the Labor Exchange is a good source of, albeit small, income. And there are no free courses lying around!

PS You will be registered on the Exchange for 3 months, after which you will be deregistered. But after 2 months you again have every right to become “unemployed”. https://trudobzor.ru

Who cannot have unemployed status?

Some persons cannot have unemployed status, namely:

pensioners who receive a pension;
citizens under 16 years of age;
subject to administrative penalties;
persons who do not have any education and do not agree to study.

Excerpt from Article 3 of the Law of the Russian Federation N 1032-1

Online labor exchange

Most people who want to quickly register with an employment center want to know whether there is an official online labor exchange in the Russian Federation?

There are some, but their scale is limited to one region. Today they are not so popular. However, this could be an ideal opportunity to find work for citizens living in remote towns and villages. Also, these resources are created only in large cities. Their goal is to help people find suitable jobs. But, unfortunately, this is where the work of online exchanges ends.

Electronic services will not be able to register an unemployed person and issue him a monthly allowance, as well as provide various services that are provided by the employment center.

Important ! All this can only be achieved with a personal visit to the local employment authorities, where you will need to provide all the necessary documents.

There are online labor exchanges, but they are not very popular and beneficial for the population

However, for those who want to find a new job as quickly as possible, online exchanges can provide some assistance by offering a list of current vacancies in a specific city.

Electronic exchanges can also provide information assistance to the unemployed, as they provide all the necessary information on their website in electronic format regarding ongoing training sessions and seminars. These events are organized by the employment center, therefore, attending them is absolutely free, which is a significant advantage for unemployed citizens.

Is it possible for women in this situation to register and receive unemployment payments?

Anyone who meets the above-mentioned requirements, which do not mention anything about pregnant women, can register with the CZN. This means that women expecting a child can safely apply to the labor exchange. They have no right to refuse.

For 10 days, employees of the Employment Center, taking into account the woman’s existing education and skills, will offer her at least two current vacancies every day.

Pregnant women can also register with the employment center

If a suitable option cannot be found, then the pregnant woman will be assigned unemployed status and benefits will be accrued until 30 weeks of pregnancy, after which the woman begins maternity leave.

Important ! For further payments, she should contact the social security authorities. There you also need to provide certain documents, according to which payments will be calculated.

To receive payments, you must be registered with the Employment Center. This is available to persons who have reached the age of 16, do not have a job, and are not studying full-time. The labor exchange helps unemployed people register not so that they can receive payments, but to help them find a suitable job. The fight against unemployment is the main task of the employment center employees, and payments are just a little help until the citizen can find a job and provide for himself.

If a person is a full-time student, he cannot join the labor exchange

You need to go to the center at your place of registration. Like other government organizations, employment services in large cities have personal official websites. State employment centers are very different from virtual freelance exchanges and cannot provide the opportunity to register remotely. Therefore, contacting the employment service with a package of documents is an integral task for a person wishing to register. In addition, the labor exchange requires constant visits.

The CZN website is only an information platform that makes it possible to find out about the location of the exchange, working phone numbers, work and reception hours. Vacancies for jobs are also published on the website.

An example of the official website of the Employment Center in Moscow

Use the unemployment benefit calculator to find out how much benefit you are entitled to.

Can a pregnant woman apply to the labor exchange?

For a pregnant woman, registration is possible if the pregnancy is no more than 30 weeks. She should not inform the stock exchange employee about her condition.

Before the 7th month of pregnancy (maternity leave period), a woman receives benefits and selects vacancies on a general basis.

Registration of payments for the unemployed, necessary documents

A person interested in employment will need to provide some mandatory documents, namely: a passport, work record book, school certificates, diplomas from educational institutions, pension and tax certificates, and an extract from a personal account.

The work record book and education documents must be submitted in the original. If any documents are not available, the person will not be able to register and count on government payments.

You need to have the entire package of documents

The income document is drawn up in the accounting department of the enterprise where the citizen worked before dismissal. All certificates and documents must be free of errors, corrections, inaccuracies and other shortcomings. They must contain only truthful information. Responsibility for the information provided falls on the management of the enterprise and the chief accountant.

Important ! Labor exchange employees have the right to repeatedly request information from the relevant authorities to ensure its accuracy.

Documents for registration

applications for registration with the employment center free of charge in word format

What documentation is required for a citizen to be registered as unemployed?

Important! The following documents are required:

passports of a citizen of the Russian Federation,
work book (if the citizen was previously employed),
certificate of average salary for the last three months at the last place of employment before the citizen was fired or laid off (if there was no previous work, a certificate is not necessary),
documents confirming education (school certificate, diplomas).

Based on this documentation, qualifications and existing experience, labor exchange workers will search for suitable work.

In addition, an extract from the individual personal account of the insured person may be required. This is necessary to apply for benefits.

The procedure for joining the labor exchange

When an unemployed person applies to the Central Work Center with all the necessary documentation, one cannot count on the fact that he will definitely be registered and paid benefits. Within 10 days from the date of application, employees offer the citizen:

current vacancies, and if there are none, then they offer public work;
If there is no specialty or education, then they offer training.

If during this time a person does not find the desired job, he is registered and paid.

Excerpt from Article 3 of the Law of the Russian Federation N 1032-1

But there are some nuances. According to legislative acts, a citizen cannot register if:

The citizen has no specialty, no work experience, and at the same time did not agree to undergo training twice.
The person ignores the need to regularly visit the service for 10 days.
Failure to appear at the central control center on the established date and time in order to register is noted.
It was discovered that an incomplete package of documents or false information was provided.
Twice I did not agree to the offered vacancies. In this case, suitable work is considered:

work in the specialty;
corresponding to physical abilities and well-being;
if the salary is above the subsistence level and is within the reach of public transport.

Sometimes a citizen may not be registered or removed from it

Important ! In such situations, a decision is made to refuse a citizen to acquire unemployed status. But after 30 days he can again come to the employment service to register.

What kind of work is offered at the labor exchange?

Attention! Article 4 of Law No. 1032-1 contains a list of criteria for determining suitable work. First of all, suitable work includes temporary work if it is suitable from the point of view of professional suitability. That is, the level of education, qualifications and experience are taken into account.

In addition, the level of earnings at your last place of employment matters. A job will not be considered suitable if the salary offered is lower than that paid at the previous job (a certificate of average earnings for 3 months must be submitted when registering with the stock exchange).

However, there is a nuance: if the average earnings in the previous place exceeded the subsistence minimum, then a position where the earnings are equal to it is considered eligible, and today the minimum is 10,286 rubles.

The third factor is the state of health and the presence of restrictions and contraindications to work. All these points must be confirmed by medical documentation.

The fourth criterion is the level of transport accessibility of the place of work. It is determined by the labor exchange itself, taking into account the level of development of the transport network in a certain territory.

A vacancy cannot be considered suitable if it is necessary to change the place of residence, but the citizen does not consent to this, as well as if the working conditions do not comply with the provisions of the legislation of the Russian Federation.

Is the length of service included in the period of registration at the labor exchange?

You should know: when selecting a job, the exchange cannot send a citizen to the same vacancy twice.

What employment options for minors do labor exchanges offer? Workers under 18 years of age can only work during periods when they do not have classes and during vacations, and the law strictly limits the time during which they can work.

The legislation of the Russian Federation provides that children aged 14-15 years, while the school year is in progress, can devote no more than 2.5 hours a day to work, and the work week cannot last more than 12 hours.

After a person turns 16, the work period will increase slightly - 3.5 hours a day and 18 hours a week. While on vacation, children can work 2 times longer.

Notice! In addition, the law prohibits persons under 18 years of age from working in hazardous or difficult conditions, going on business trips, working beyond normal working hours, participating in dangerous tasks that could harm health, etc.

Thus, there are very few expected vacancies left: minors may be offered to repair school furniture and perform other auxiliary work: landscaping, landscaping and cleaning areas, repairing playgrounds for children, working as advertisers and couriers, participating in concerts and other public events, etc.

It should be noted that in such places it is possible not only for a temporary placement of a minor, but also for him to receive assistance in choosing a specialty in the future. Often such centers practice testing in order to find out what inclinations teenagers have, what they are interested in, what they prefer.

In such organizations it is possible to attend courses where the child will be taught a profession that interests him in his free time from school. If the training is completed successfully, the labor exchange subsequently helps the child get a job when he finishes his studies.

Who needs to register with the Central Bank as quickly as possible?

In any case, all unemployed people should contact the labor exchange as quickly as possible, since, without being registered, a citizen does not have the right to apply for cash payments from the state. But for some workers who have lost their jobs, it is especially important not to delay in contacting the Labor Protection Center. We are talking about those citizens who were laid off or left without work due to the cessation of the company’s activities. According to the Labor Code of the Russian Federation, they have the right to receive an average salary for 2 months, while actively looking for a new job.

Important ! If, after being laid off, an employee managed to register within 14 days, then he can count on payment of the average salary for one additional month (Labor Code of the Russian Federation, Article 178. Severance pay).

It is recommended to contact the central control center as quickly as possible

Employees who have lost their jobs for other reasons should also rush to contact the employment service. The problem is that if an employee registered for unemployment only a year after his dismissal, then his position will be less favorable compared to other citizens who did it much faster:

if more than 1 year has passed since the date of dismissal, after registering, the unemployed can count on payments based not on the average salary, but on the very minimum;
if a citizen who quit more than 1 year ago refuses to undergo training or perform community service for additional monetary remuneration, then sanctions will be imposed on him in the form of stopping payments;
for citizens who have been retired for more than 1 year, any vacancy, even one that does not require skills and knowledge, will be considered suitable.

What are the advantages of contacting an employment service?

The main advantage of being registered is the regular payment of unemployment benefits. The procedure for its calculation is defined in Art. 30, 33 and 34 of the Law “On Employment in the Russian Federation”.

Interesting Facts

Training and internship are a guarantee of employment in accordance with the acquired profession at the previous place or in another company. If a citizen decides to be an entrepreneur, he can apply to the employment center for a subsidy.

Former employees of liquidated enterprises and laid-off workers are in the most advantageous position.

Their payments are:

¾ of average monthly earnings during the first quarter;
the next 4 months the benefit will be reduced to 60%;
over the course of the next 5 months, payments will amount to 45% of earnings.

Another advantage is the opportunity to receive a referral for training. During retraining, the citizen will receive a scholarship. An unemployed person can take training courses at the labor exchange for free. This right is established by Art. 23 of the Law “On Employment” and is associated with a lack of qualifications, a shortage of suitable vacancies for the unemployed, or the presence of health restrictions. The state additionally pays a number of costs if retraining takes place in another area:

travel to the training center;
daily expenses;
rental of property.

These benefits also apply to pensioners who want to return to work, and women caring for a child until he reaches 3 years of age.

Let's find out what documents are needed to join the stock exchange.

The Labor Exchange organizes out-of-turn retraining courses for the following unemployed:

with disabilities (selection is carried out taking into account an individual social rehabilitation program);
parents of disabled children;
former military personnel and citizens who served conscription no more than 3 years ago;
spouses of current and former employees of the Ministry of Defense;
unskilled unemployed people who have not been employed.

It is these categories of citizens who will be able to take advantage of the training.

Curious facts

Vocational training from the employment center also has disadvantages: 1) sometimes there are no suitable vacancies and you have to wait a long time for them; 2) technical capabilities in many regions are very poor; 3) the payment of benefits stops if you refuse several vacancies after training.

The courses themselves allow you to master the most in-demand professions (service specialists, cooks, accountants).

The next advantage is the opportunity to move (Article 22.1 of the law). Within the framework of special programs, the unemployed and members of their families are paid for transport, daily expenses during the trip and a one-time allowance. Their size depends on the region.

Another type of assistance from the labor exchange is assistance in starting your own business. We are talking about providing a subsidy for registering an individual entrepreneur or LLC. It covers the costs of notaries and state fees, and also compensates for the services of lawyers, ordering stamps and other costs.

The main task of the labor exchange is to assist in finding a job. It provides access to a large number of vacancies that will suit a significant portion of registered citizens. The employment service may offer them participation in community service. This will allow you to receive temporary income.

If citizens have recently lost their jobs against their will or are among the beneficiaries, they can take advantage of contacting the employment service.

The most popular courses are accounting courses, thanks to which you can find profitable employment. This profession guarantees high and stable payments. Training for mothers on maternity leave is also common. This is an opportunity for a young mother to receive benefits and learn a new profession.

The main disadvantages of contacting an employment center

There are several disadvantages of cooperation with the exchange, which are worth familiarizing yourself with in advance.

The labor exchange has some disadvantages

These include:

relatively small amount of payments. It is almost impossible to live on the benefits paid, unless you spend money on exclusively necessary and inexpensive food products. You shouldn’t even think about buying any things. However, this is better than receiving nothing at all;
the need to regularly visit the labor exchange. In addition, you should constantly search for a new job and go for interviews for vacancies that the service employees have selected, despite the fact that they may not interest you at all. If this is ignored, the person may be deregistered and benefits may cease to be paid;
short period of stay on the stock exchange. Benefits can only be paid for 12 months over a period of 18 months.

You need to regularly visit the labor exchange and go for interviews

Stopping benefit payments

Only an authorized person of the employment center can suspend payments or reduce their size, who must inform the citizen about this.

The grounds for termination of payments and deregistration are the following factors:

if the citizen does find a job;
completing vocational training and advanced training courses provided by the Center for Education (such training and education includes scholarship payments);
for a whole year or more the citizen did not visit the service for unjustified reasons;
an unemployed person moved to another city;
a fraudulent way to register and receive benefits;
the judicial authorities sentenced the unemployed to imprisonment;
the citizen began to receive a pension;
the person refused the assistance provided by the labor exchange employees;
death of a citizen (in such an outcome, benefits are supposed to be paid to his children, according to the civil code).

Important ! This is stated in Article 35 of the Law of the Russian Federation dated April 19, 1991 N 1032-1 (as amended on December 11, 2018) “On employment in the Russian Federation.”

There are certain cases in which unemployment benefit payments may be suspended.

Reasons for stopping payments for up to one month

Stopping benefits payments to the unemployed for up to one month can be explained by several reasons:

The citizen did not agree to two offered vacancies at the time of unemployment.
Upon completion of 90 days of being unemployed, the person refused to take part in public events for which payment is due, or if the citizen is looking for work for the first time, without having any education, or after a long time of being unemployed (more than 1 year has passed since the dismissal) did not want to undergo the training provided by the Center.
If on the day of re-registration a person came in a drunk or drugged state, or under the influence of other intoxicating drugs. At the discretion of the employment service employees, a medical examination may be carried out, based on the results of which a report will be drawn up.
If the employee was suspended from his previous job due to violation of labor rules and regulations, or for other illegal acts (the same applies to students who were expelled due to unacceptable actions).
Citizens, without serious reasons, did not comply with the conditions and time of re-registration (in this case, benefits are stopped being paid from the next day after the last visit to the central health center).
The unemployed person, of his own free will and without good reason, stopped attending training sessions to which he was sent by the labor exchange employees.

Excerpt from Article 35 of the Law of the Russian Federation of April 19, 1991 N 1032-1

Main ! The period for which benefit payments to the unemployed are stopped is taken into account in the total time of payments.

Refusal to pay unemployment benefits

Payments to the unemployed may not be paid during:

Holidays according to BiR.
Moving to a new place of residence in another city or studying in educational institutions.
Conscription into the army, the need to participate in military training activities or fulfill one’s national duty.

Main ! All this time is not taken into account in the general period of payment of benefits to the unemployed, but is extended for a certain period.

This is also indicated in Article 35 of the Law of the Russian Federation of April 19, 1991 N 1032-1.

Unemployment benefits are not paid during maternity leave

How many months can you stay at the labor exchange?

According to Russian legislation, you can be registered with employment authorities as long as you like. Only the benefit payment period is limited. Each payment period cannot exceed 12 months in the aggregate over 18 calendar months.

An unemployed person is removed from the register in the following cases: upon employment; after completing vocational training or receiving additional vocational education (as directed by the employment service) with the payment of a scholarship; long-term absence (more than a month) from the labor exchange without good reason; moving to another region. If a citizen tries to obtain benefits fraudulently, he is also removed from the labor exchange. “In addition, deregistration is possible if a person receiving unemployment benefits is sentenced to correctional labor, as well as to a sentence of imprisonment. And also the appointment of a pension, including the early appointment of an old-age labor pension,” says Mitrofanova.

If you refuse a job offered by employment agencies twice, your benefits may be suspended for 3 months.

Responsibilities facing an unemployed citizen

To be sure that the employment center will register you as unemployment and pay the appropriate benefits, you must comply with some mandatory requirements.

Important ! Otherwise, the amount of payments may be reduced to the minimum or canceled altogether.

What responsibilities does a citizen face, the observance of which will help to maintain the payments due to him?

Come to the central registration center on the specified date and time to re-register. At the same time, stock exchange employees do not have the right to call an unemployed person more than 2 times every 30 days. When you come for re-registration, you must have your passport and work book with you (if you have one, otherwise you need a diploma). During each re-registration procedure, the service employee informs the citizen about the next date of the visit.
Receive referrals from the labor exchange to enterprises experiencing a shortage of personnel.
Come to your potential boss for an interview 3 days after receiving the invitation.
Immediately notify center employees about starting a new job, starting a business, or enrolling in full-time education.
After 3 months of being registered, take part in public work or accept an invitation to study (especially for those persons who have not worked for more than a year or have not been employed at all).
Choose at least a couple of vacant offers if they suit you.

You must comply with all legal regulations in order to receive payments or apply for any vacancies.

How long can I remain registered and receive unemployment benefits?

As soon as a citizen is registered with the Central Social Insurance Fund, he begins to be interested in the question of how long he will be registered and receive benefits. If we talk about time, it is not limited. However, it is worth considering that the same cannot be said about the benefit. Payments are made only for 1 year from the date of registration in the Central Bank. Reasons why an unemployed person is removed from the register:

he went to work;
is undergoing training;
ignored the need to visit the stock exchange for a month, without having a valid reason;
the citizen changed his place of residence (moving outside the city).

Important ! In some cases, benefits may be suspended. As a rule, this is due to the fact that the unemployed person refused to accept an invitation to take a suitable job twice.

You can be registered for an unlimited amount of time, but benefits are paid only for a year

What else may affect the decision of the Central Tax Service employees to suspend payments to a citizen:

after 3 months of being registered, he refused to participate in paid public events;
refused to undergo training required by stock exchange employees;
come to the central hall in an inappropriate state (drunk, under the influence of drugs).

To receive unemployment benefits, you must follow certain rules. It is important to remember that it can be assigned for a limited amount of time, therefore, you will definitely have to look for a job.

How to register at the labor exchange

In the context of the spread of coronavirus, the rules for processing applications have been simplified. From 06/01/2020, SZN employees, before registering a person remotely, independently request government agencies, checking the information:

about the income of the applicant, deductions of insurance premiums, insurance experience, previous employer, assigned benefits in the Pension Fund database;
about the presence of children and marriage through the registry office register;
on confirmation of the address and validity of the passport in the Ministry of Internal Affairs;
about the status of an entrepreneur or self-employed person in the Federal Tax Service.

If there are vacancies with employment offers from employers, before registering with the Employment Center, they will offer 2 job options and invite you to a remote interview with the organization, which should take place within 3 days.

Deadlines for making a decision on granting unemployed status

According to the new rules for registering an unemployed person, 11 days are allotted from the date of receipt of the online application to consider the application and make a decision. When submitting an electronic form on a weekend or non-working day, the deadline starts from the next working day.

When can I apply again?

The period of being registered as unemployed is not limited in any way, however, the time when the state undertakes the obligation of financial support with the assignment of benefits is limited to 6 months.

If for some reason an unemployed person withdraws his application or receives a refusal, he can re-apply to the exchange within a week. In order for a new benefit to be assigned to a non-working person, at least six months must pass between the last benefit payment and the new transfer. Benefits are paid for no more than 6 consecutive months during the year.